France’s national security planning body has published a 2035 outlook that names the seabed and outer space as domains where competition is already hardening.
The document, France 2035, France 2050, says an increasing share of power, and also of vulnerability, will concentrate in these spaces, which it notes are largely invisible to citizens.
Three recommendations
The review asks France to align national effort behind a clear European objective for 2035. It describes that goal as the ability, acting among Europeans if necessary, to prevent any attack meant to test Europe’s unity and credibility.
Cutting reliance on American and Chinese suppliers ranks as another priority, with European alternatives preferred. France has pushed that theme this year, including January plans for a Digital Sovereignty Observatory to map government and industry reliance on non-European technology.
The third recommendation is to protect national cohesion under hybrid pressure, singling out the ability to identify and counter information attacks designed to destabilize societies. The report does not detail how.
Not full integration
The review rules out full European military integration by 2035. It favors looser coalitions of like-minded partners that can move quickly instead.
The review arrived as President Emmanuel Macron told reporters that Russian hybrid threats against France and other European states have intensified in recent weeks. France votes in a presidential election on Sept. 28.
Space appears in the plan as one of several domains where dependency and exposure now carry strategic weight.
